for any substance why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state
Why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state for any substance?
Answer:
During the change of state of a substance, such as from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas, the temperature remains constant due to the absorption or release of latent heat. Latent heat is the heat energy that is absorbed or released during a change of state without a corresponding change in temperature.
When a substance changes its state, the energy supplied or removed is used to break the intermolecular forces between the particles of the substance rather than increasing or decreasing the kinetic energy of the particles. This process is why the temperature appears to remain constant during the change of state.
For example, when ice melts, the energy is used to overcome the forces holding the water molecules together in a solid structure. This heat energy goes into breaking these bonds rather than increasing the temperature. Similarly, when water evaporates, energy is absorbed to break the bonds and allow the water molecules to escape into the gas phase.
Therefore, the temperature remains constant during the change of state because the energy being absorbed or released is used to alter the arrangement of particles rather than changing their kinetic energy level, resulting in no immediate change in temperature.