determine whether each of the examples represents a colligative property or a non-colligative property.
LectureNotes: Determine whether each of the examples represents a colligative property or a non-colligative property.
Boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and vapor pressure lowering are examples of colligative properties. These properties depend solely on the number of solute particles present in a solution, regardless of their identity. This means that the properties will change in a predictable manner based on the concentration of the solute.
When a solute is added to a solvent, the boiling point of the solvent increases, the freezing point of the solvent decreases, and the vapor pressure of the solvent decreases. These changes occur because the presence of solute particles interferes with the formation of solvent-solvent interactions, making it more difficult for the solvent to change its phase.
On the other hand, color and density are examples of non-colligative properties. These properties are not affected by the number of solute particles present in a solution. The color of a substance is determined by the absorption and reflection of light, which is influenced by the chemical structure of the substance. Density, on the other hand, is determined by the mass and volume of a substance, without any regard to the presence of solute particles.
In summary, colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles in a solution, while non-colligative properties are not affected by the presence of solute particles.