the process in which a segment of dna is copied into a message known as mrna
The process in which a segment of DNA is copied into a message known as mRNA
Answer:
The process described in the conversation is called transcription. Transcription is the first step in gene expression where a segment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule, known as mRNA (messenger RNA). During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of the DNA called the promoter and begins to unwind the DNA double helix.
As RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand, it reads the DNA sequence and synthesizes a pre-mRNA molecule by adding complementary RNA nucleotides. These nucleotides base pair with their DNA counterparts according to the rules of complementary base pairing (A-U, G-C).
Once the pre-mRNA molecule is synthesized, it undergoes further processing including the removal of non-coding regions (introns) and the splicing together of coding regions (exons) to form mature mRNA. This mature mRNA molecule carries the genetic information from the DNA in the cell’s nucleus to the cytoplasm where it serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation.
In summary, transcription is a crucial biological process that allows the genetic information stored in DNA to be converted into mRNA, which in turn directs the synthesis of proteins in the cell.