What do we call the form of weathering that involves temperatures fluctuating around 0°c and is the dominant mechanical weathering process on coastlines?

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what do we call the form of weathering that involves temperatures fluctuating around 0°c and is the dominant mechanical weathering process on coastlines?

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LectureNotes said what do we call the form of weathering that involves temperatures fluctuating around 0°c and is the dominant mechanical weathering process on coastlines?

Answer: The form of weathering that involves temperatures fluctuating around 0°C and is the dominant mechanical weathering process on coastlines is known as freeze-thaw weathering or frost weathering.

Freeze-Thaw Weathering Explained:

  1. Process Overview:

    • Freeze-thaw weathering occurs when water enters cracks and pores in rocks.
    • When the temperature drops to 0°C or below, the water freezes and expands by approximately 9%.
    • The expansion exerts pressure on the rock, causing it to crack and eventually break apart.
    • When the temperature rises above 0°C, the ice melts, and the water can penetrate further into the rock.

  2. Temperature Fluctuations:

    • This process is most effective in environments where temperatures regularly fluctuate around the freezing point, causing repeated cycles of freezing and thawing.
    • Coastal areas often experience such temperature variations, especially in temperate and polar regions.

  3. Impact on Coastlines:

    • On coastlines, freeze-thaw weathering contributes significantly to the breakdown of rock formations.
    • The constant action of waves can also keep rocks wet, ensuring that water is available to penetrate cracks.
    • Over time, this process can lead to the formation of features such as cliffs, rockfalls, and scree slopes.

  4. Importance in Geomorphology:

    • Freeze-thaw weathering is a key mechanical weathering process that shapes landscapes.
    • It plays a crucial role in the disintegration of rocks, contributing to soil formation and the creation of sediment.

In summary, freeze-thaw weathering is the mechanical weathering process driven by temperature fluctuations around 0°C, making it particularly effective along coastlines where such conditions are prevalent.