what system of measurement is used in science
What system of measurement is used in science?
Answer:
In science, the system of measurement most commonly used is the International System of Units (SI). This system is globally recognized and provides a standardized framework that allows scientists from different countries to share and compare data without confusion. The SI system is based on seven fundamental units from which all other units of measurement can be derived.
Solution By Steps:
- The Seven Base Units:
- Length (meter - m): The meter is the base unit of length in the SI system. It was originally defined as one ten-millionth of the distance from the equator to the North Pole along a meridian through Paris, but now it is defined by the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 seconds.
- Mass (kilogram - kg): The kilogram is the base unit of mass. It was originally defined as the mass of a liter of water at the melting point of ice, but now it is defined by the Planck constant, h, where h = 6.62607015 \times 10^{-34} J·s.
- Time (second - s): The second is the SI base unit of time. It is defined by the duration of 9,192,631,770 vibrations of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two levels of the cesium-133 atom.
- Electric Current (ampere - A): The ampere is the base unit of electric current. It is defined by the elementary charge, e, where e = 1.602176634 \times 10^{-19} coulombs (C).
- Thermodynamic Temperature (kelvin - K): The kelvin is the base unit of thermodynamic temperature. It is defined by the Boltzmann constant, k, where k = 1.380649 \times 10^{-23} J/K.
- Amount of Substance (mole - mol): The mole is the base unit for the amount of substance. One mole contains exactly 6.02214076 \times 10^{23} elementary entities (Avogadro’s number).
- Luminous Intensity (candela - cd): The candela is the base unit of luminous intensity. It is defined by the luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of a frequency of 540 × 10¹² Hz, where 1 cd = ^1/_{683} W/sr.
Derived Units:
Derived units are combinations of the seven base units and include measurements such as:
- Newton (N) for force: 1 \, N = 1 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s}^2
- Joule (J) for energy: 1 \, J = 1 \, \text{N} \cdot \text{m} = 1 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2
- Pascal ¶ for pressure: 1 \, Pa = 1 \, \text{N}/\text{m}^2
Adoption and Use:
The SI system is the foundation of all scientific measurement and is rigorously maintained and updated by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). It ensures consistency and precision in scientific experiments and research across the globe.
Final Answer:
The system of measurement used in science is the International System of Units (SI), which encompasses seven fundamental units from which all other units are derived.