Which of the following satellite navigation systems started operation in 1978 and had become the most utilized and globally available since 1994?

General
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which of the following satellite navigation systems started operation in 1978 and had become the most utilized and globally available since 1994?

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Which of the following satellite navigation systems started operation in 1978 and had become the most utilized and globally available since 1994?

Answer:

The satellite navigation system that started operation in 1978 and became the most utilized and globally available since 1994 is the Global Positioning System (GPS).

Global Positioning System (GPS)

1. Introduction:
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system developed by the United States Department of Defense. It was initially designed for military applications but was made available for civilian use in the 1980s.

2. Operational History:

  • 1978: The first GPS satellite was launched.
  • 1983: After the Korean Air Lines Flight 007 incident, President Ronald Reagan offered GPS for civilian use.
  • 1993: The GPS constellation achieved initial operational capability (IOC).
  • 1994: The system reached full operational capability (FOC), meaning it became fully functional and globally available.

3. Components:

  • Space Segment: Consists of at least 24 satellites orbiting the Earth.
  • Control Segment: Includes ground stations that monitor and manage the satellites.
  • User Segment: Comprises GPS receivers used by civilians and military personnel.

4. Functionality:
GPS provides geolocation and time information to a GPS receiver anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. It is used in various applications, including navigation for vehicles, aircraft, and ships, as well as in mapping, surveying, and geocaching.

5. Global Utilization:
Since its full operational capability in 1994, GPS has become the most widely used and globally available satellite navigation system. It is integral to everyday technology, including smartphones, car navigation systems, and various professional and scientific applications.

Conclusion:

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is the satellite navigation system that began operation in 1978 and has been the most utilized and globally available since 1994. It has revolutionized navigation and positioning, becoming an indispensable tool in modern society.

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