Which of the following type of medicine is used for treating acidity in stomach

General
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which of the following type of medicine is used for treating acidity in stomach

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Which of the following type of medicine is used for treating acidity in the stomach?

Answer: The type of medicine used for treating acidity in the stomach is called Antacids.

What Are Antacids?

Antacids are medications that help to neutralize the stomach acid (hydrochloric acid, HCl) produced in the stomach. They are commonly used to relieve symptoms caused by acid reflux, heartburn, indigestion, or other conditions associated with excess stomach acidity.

How Antacids Work:

When you experience acidity in the stomach, your body is producing too much gastric acid. This acid can sometimes rise up to the esophagus (acid reflux) or cause irritation to the stomach lining. Antacids work by neutralizing the excess acid and bringing relief by increasing the pH of the stomach contents.

The chemical reaction for antacid neutralization is generally:

HCl (stomach acid) + \text{Base in Antacid} \to \text{Salt + Water}

For example:

\text{CaCO}_3 (in antacid) + 2HCl \to \text{CaCl}_2 + H_2O + CO_2

Types of Antacids:

Some common antacids include:

  1. Magnesium Hydroxide (e.g., Milk of Magnesia)
  2. Calcium Carbonate (e.g., Tums, Rolaids)
  3. Aluminum Hydroxide (e.g., Amphojel)
  4. Sodium Bicarbonate (baking soda, used medicinally in small doses)

Other Medicines for Acidity Treatment:

While antacids are effective for temporary relief, there are other medicines used for treating acidity, particularly if it is frequent or chronic. These include:

1. H2 Blockers:

These medications reduce acid production in the stomach by blocking histamine receptors (H2). Examples include:

  • Ranitidine
  • Famotidine
  • Cimetidine

2. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs):

Proton pump inhibitors block the enzyme in the stomach lining responsible for acid production. They are often prescribed for conditions like severe GERD or peptic ulcers. Examples include:

  • Omeprazole
  • Pantoprazole
  • Esomeprazole
  • Lansoprazole

3. Alginates:

These medications create a protective barrier (foam-like layer) to prevent stomach acid from irritating the esophagus. They are often combined with antacids to provide relief. Gaviscon is a well-known example.

4. Prokinetics:

Medications like metoclopramide can improve gut motility, helping to empty the stomach faster and reduce the risk of acidity and reflux.

When to Use Antacids:

Antacids are most effective for occasional heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion. If symptoms persist for several weeks or worsen, consult a healthcare provider for further diagnosis and treatment.

Note:

  • Always follow the dosage instructions for antacids or any stomach-related medication. Overuse can lead to side effects such as diarrhea, constipation, or electrolyte imbalances.
  • If you have a chronic issue like GERD or ulcers, long-term medications such as PPIs may be necessary, as antacids only offer short-term relief.

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