some researchers have suggested that obesity is due to a change in set point in the brain that is related to the number of calories a person needs. people whose set point has increased eat more than they need and gain weight. permanently raising the set point would involve a permanent change in which of the answer choices?
Answer: Permanently raising the set point in the brain that controls body weight would involve a permanent change in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a region of the brain that plays a crucial role in regulating appetite and energy balance. It contains specialized neurons that respond to various hormonal and metabolic signals, such as leptin and insulin, and control hunger, satiety, and energy expenditure.
When the body’s energy needs are not met, signals from the hypothalamus can stimulate hunger and reduce energy expenditure. Conversely, when the body has sufficient energy reserves, the hypothalamus can suppress hunger and increase energy expenditure. Studies have suggested that obesity may be due to abnormalities in this complex regulatory system, which can lead to an elevated set point for body weight and a reduced ability to lose weight through diet and exercise alone.
A permanent increase in the set point of the hypothalamus would involve a lasting change in the sensitivity and responsiveness of these specialized neurons, which could lead to a persistent drive to overeat and a reduced ability to burn calories. This could make it difficult for individuals with obesity to maintain long-term weight loss even with lifestyle modifications, and may require more intensive interventions such as medication or surgery.